Separate but Loyal: Ethnicity and Nationalism in China

This study compares ethnic identity and nationalism among China’s ethnic groups. Following an examination of the ethnic policies under the Qing empire, the Republic of China, and the People’s Republic of China, we set out to test two opposing hypotheses on national identity in contemporary China. One hypothesis is centered around the Han- dominant Confucian tradition, while the other is based on the concept of the modern multiethnic Chinese state that originated during the Qing empire.